Conceptual Art study visit, Tate Britain

Sketchbook page with notes from a visit to the Conceptual Art Exhibition Tate Britain August 2016

It is probably appropriate that one of my strongest memories of the Conceptual Art exhibition is the smell of oranges. This review is as much an account of my process as it is a reflection on the exhibition itself.

The small accordion catalogue provided for the exhibition states that:

Conceptual art is about ideas or concepts. It is not about objects and materials…It undermines the traditional view of art as something to be looked at and admired.

This provides my first dilemma of the visit – here we are in one of, if not the, foremost art institution in the country viewing this work in a traditional white box with its incumbent hushed tones and uniformed (at least that is what I recollect) invigilators. This contradiction hits home when those that are investigating Roelof Louw’s ‘Soul City’ (Pyramid of Oranges, 1967) disintegrating tower of oranges (visitors are encouraged to take one fruit each) are told they are not to move the fruit about they must simply take one. As I move towards the second room I smell the scent of a freshly peeled orange, the impudent visitor is then told she cannot eat the fruit in the gallery.

My understanding is that conceptual art was born out of a reaction to modernism so there is something contradictory for me in the fact it is now displayed as a body of work on gallery walls and plinths. Although I suspect some of the artists may have enjoyed the irony.

It is not at all clear where the boundaries of ‘conceptual art’ are to be drawn, which artists and which works to include. Looked at in one way, conceptual art gets to be like Lewis Carroll’s Cheshire cat, dissolving away until nothing is left but a grin: a handful of works made over a few short years by a small number of artists… Then again, regarded under a different aspect, conceptual art can seem like nothing less than the hinge around which the past turned into the present. (Wood, 2002: 6)

I appreciate conceptual art can be a bit ‘marmite’, I knew of some the artists and was well disposed to seeing their work but I appreciate that this is not the case for everyone.  In many ways it seemed like exquisite timing that this exhibition should come up just as I finished Context and Narrative and move into Graphic Design One.  My own work has certainly become more conceptual and I am attracted to issues of art’s socio-cultural and economic role.

As the ‘performance’ elements of our visit played on there was some confusion as to whether we were allowed to take photographs or not so I decided to make sketches in my notebook, more as an aide memoire than representations. This served to slow down my visit and possibly helped me engage more with the work that I might have done otherwise.

On a socio-historical note I did find it depressing that some of the issues raised by the works seem to have changed so little, or have morphed into their equivalents for the early 21st Century.

This is a very dense show that to my mind warrants spending significant time, it is not for everyone but for me it has prompted a lot of questions that could relate both to my photography and my current Graphic Design module. As I understand it one of the cornerstones of conceptual art is the move away from beauty into provocation and making the viewer think, well the show certainly did that for me.

Given its slippery nature it also seems to be an odd endeavour to write about conceptual art.

References and Citations

Wood, P. (2002). Conceptual Art (Movements in Modern Art). New York, USA: Delano Greenidge Editions.

 

What is graphic design?

Grey question mark on black background

Graphic Design is the creative discipline that brings together words and visual imagery to communicate to an audience…Graphic design is essentially a process of problem solving – how best to get the identified information to a particular audience…Graphic design is rooted in language; it deals with written language through typography and  visual language through images, colour, composition, signs and symbols… (Open College of the Arts., 2010:12 -13)

Graphic design, also known as communication design, is the art and practice of planning and projecting ideas and experiences with visual and textual content. The form of the communication can be physical or virtual, and may include images, words, or graphic forms. The experience can take place in an instant or over a long period of time. The work can happen at any scale, from the design of a single postage stamp to a national postal signage system, or from a company’s digital avatar to the sprawling and interlinked digital and physical content of an international newspaper. It can also be for any purpose, whether commercial, educational, cultural, or political.  American Institute of Graphic Arts,

One of the delights of moving into a relatively new field is that it opens up your perspective and brings new insights. Graphic Design could be said to be ubiquitous and I realise that for me that means it potentially goes unseen, it’s outputs have become so much a part of the fabric of cultural life.

I don’t think I had taken it for granted, in fact in my own search for a sympathetic Graphic Designer I discovered how challenging it is to work with someone who couldn’t seem to communicate what I was looking for as a client . It is a complex relationship that takes effort to build into a visual language. Anyway, I digress.

As part of my introduction to GD1 I have challenged myself to consider exactly what graphic design is and how it potentially differs from other art related disciplines. Interestingly, others seem to have framed a similar quest in terms of ‘what is the purpose of graphic design?’, which already highlights something distinct as it is not necessarily a question you might ask of other artforms.

Definitions seem to focus around graphic design being art with a message, rooted in visual communication. It could be said to have three roles (Hollis, 2001: 10):

  1. To identify: to show what something is or where it came from
  2. To inform and instruct: indicating the relationship of one thing to another in direction, position or scale
  3. To present and promote: to attract attention and put forward a memorable message

To do these things it seems to me that graphic design needs to be aware of its context and constantly adapt.

Graphic design constitutes a kind of language with an uncertain grammar and a continuously expanding vocabulary.(Hollis, 2001: 10)

Although this poses challenges in terms of how I might ever get hold of such a slippery practice the notion of it constantly evolving is very appealing. One of the things I have often found useful in my photography is to know some of the ground-rules but to be ready to bend or abandon them where appropriate.

One of the definitions I therefore prefer focuses on graphic design being ‘a shared framework in which to invent and organise visual content.’ (Lupton & Phillips, 2015: 8)

This seems to place emphasis on the capacity to experiment and develop work within given parameters. I hope the course is going to help me understand what constitutes the ‘framework’ for graphic design.

References and citations:

Hollis, R. (2001). Graphic Design: A concise history. London: Thames & Hudson Ltd.

Lupton, E., & Phillips, J. C. (2015). Graphic Design The New Basics (2nd ed.). New York: Princeton Architectural Press.

Open College of the Arts. (Ed.). (2010). Graphic Design Level 1: Core Concepts. Barnsley, UK: OCA.

http://www.aiga.org/what-is-design/

 

Initial observations

At the moment I feel a bit like I am flying in all directions so I decided to blog about it as a means of journaling my process. On this basis it is probably more a stream of consciousness than it is fully formed reflections.

The books I’ve ordered have starting arriving; they include the recommended reading as well as a few others that attracted my interest. I’ve been skimming each of them as they arrive and noticing what captures my attention.

While on the one hand this is giving me a good introduction to Graphic Design I am conscious of skipping from history to theory to psychology to designers and back again. Now that I feel pretty immersed I need to refocus and concentrate on a few areas, this is not unusual for me and is an approach I found has worked in other courses. A number of interesting things have emerged to date:

  • Much of the history both on and offline seems to concentrate on graphic design/visual communications in the west (accepting that most do include Russian Constructivism)
  • As with other art historical texts I wonder where the women are (although to be fair some do bring in key female figures in the later periods). This blog on Central St. Martins Exhibition ‘100 years of women graphic designers’ is an interesting counterpoint and confirms my observations
  • Graphic Design along with other human endeavours is contextual and has both influenced and been influence by its political, social, and economic environment
  • I am starting to look differently at things around me, noticing with fresh awareness how ubiquitous graphic design is
  • I am fascinated by the debates around ethics and authorship – I recently watched Century of the Self which seemed to me to highlight issues around the state’s involvement with visual communications and those who

My next steps are a very quick historical timeline, probably in my sketchbook and then on with my postcards.

Immersion

Photograph of pile of graphic design books on a white table

Although I had already seen the PDF of the course materials it is always exciting to get the box emblazoned important learning materials! One of the joys I have found of life-long and life-wide learning (Redecker et al., 2011) is that as I get older I am much clearer about the best way to approach my own learning. I can recognise the moments of anxiety and confusion and sit with them more comfortably, reasonably confident that at some point I will move forward. At the moment I am aware of a niggling sense of trepidation as I move into what feels like a different field and away from the photography modules.

There are several things I know will help me at this point:

  1. Immersion: getting a sense of the field, its history, its contexts, its movers & shakers, current debates and future directions
  2. Pattern spotting: for me this is about making connections with things I have some knowledge of, by finding connections I recognise it gives me both an entry point and helps steady my confidence. Finding frameworks like Gestalt, rule of thirds and some familiar designs (even if I didn’t know the designers) has all helped me see a way into GD1
  3. Doing stuff: getting stuck in straight away on exercises both in the course materials and from other sources. Sketching, collecting postcards, noticing more of the graphic design around me

So, as several books arrive I am playing, sketching, pinning, collecting and focusing on the things I can do. As opposed to looking ahead and focusing on the things I might think I can’t do at the moment like use Illustrator properly or design a logo! Postcards here I come…!

References:

Redecker, C., Leis, M., Leendertse, M., Punie, Y., Gijsbers, Kirschner, P., et al. (2011). The Future of Learning: Preparing for change: JRC/IPTS European Commission.

 

Getting Started – Paper

 

Piece of paper

I want to be an Origami sheet

They can make a boat of me

Then make a rose of me

For the friend to cherish me.

 

I want to be an art sheet

The artist can paint on me

Sketch their mind on me

Craft something new on me

For the world to adore me.

 

I want to become a plain sheet

For a writer to scribe on me

To open their heart on me

To recite a poem on me

For the readers to review me

Neeti Tibrewala, 2016

If I have learnt anything from my first two OCA courses it is not to be afraid of the blank page. I feel like I am facing multiple blank pages at the moment – GD1 is a new direction (my last two courses being photography based), I have had to set up a new blog and I have a new sketchbook – I needed to find a good place to start.

I am a little apprehensive because I also have to learn Illustrator and In-Design quickly. I am pretty familiar with Photoshop and have used Inkscape, PageMaker and Publisher in the past so I am hoping that will at least help me get going.

I like that the course starts with some of the basic building blocks and talks about paper, so I set myself a small exercise of exploring the different types of paper I had in the house. My new sketchbook is now adorned with an amazing variety from natural and handmade papers to photo and coloured tissue paper. It feels good to have taken a first small step and I actually quite like the collages too!